Climate Change Impacts and Mitigation Strategies in the Energy Sector of African Countries
Godsday Idanegbe Usiabulu *
World Bank Center of Excellence, Center for Oil Field Chemicals and Research, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
André Noukpo Djoï
Directorate of Hydrocarbons and Other Energetic Resources, Ministry of Energy, Water and Mines, Republic of Benin.
Peter Sydney Aprioku
Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering, Rivers State University, Nkpolu, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Otoika Tunde Afehikhu
Department of Energy and Petroleum Studies, Novena University Ogume, Delta State, Nigeria.
Dennis Ese Aguebor
Department of Petroleum Engineering Southern Alberta Institute of Technology, Calgary AB, Canada.
Ogechi Okoye
World Bank Center of Excellence, Center for Oil Field Chemicals and Research, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Ucheana Donald Ifedili
World Bank Center of Excellence, Center for Oil Field Chemicals and Research, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Joseph Friday Peters
Department of Environmental and Petroleum Technology Management, South America University, Wilmington DE, USA.
Christian Ayafor Nji
Department of Gas Engineering, Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Many of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) require access to dependable, affordable, and sustainable energy, as it has a substantial impact on health, climate, and other sectors. This study focus on Creating an understanding of Climate Change Impacts, Identifying Mitigation Strategies as well as bringing the spot light on the Energy Sector in African Nations. Modern energy services are also required for agricultural transformation, the creation of productive firms, and the support of revenue-generating activities. As a result of energy consumption, combustion, and greenhouse impacts from emissions of environmental pollutants such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon compounds, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, methane, and particulates are examined. Among the many pollutants that contribute to climate change, CO2 emissions have received a lot of attention as the primary cause of climate change. Special attention should be given to investments and policies that promote all three goals or at the very least, those that improve one or both without worsening the other. This report provides a (non-exhaustive) synthesis and assessment of energy consumption rates, supply, and access challenges in Africa, focusing on the connections, synergies, and conflicts with climate mitigation and adaptation strategies. Additionally, the ladder of the utilization of energy and its variety switches as income levels of individuals rise has been considered. Access to energy and its impact on the well-being of the people including the use of biomass and electricity has been expanded. Africa's energy portfolios will need to be properly calibrated to suit adequate supply, access, mitigation, and adaptation goals.
Keywords: Climate change, energy, environmental pollution, mitigations, sustainable developmental goals